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    <title>The Skeptic and The Disciple</title>
    <link>https://www.quantumdisciple.com/</link>
    <description>A thoughtful weekly conversation between The Skeptic and The Disciple, exploring Christianity through science, logic, history, and honest questions. Each seven-part conversation unfolds Monday through Sunday.</description>
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    <copyright>Copyright 2026 Dr. Michael Litman</copyright>
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    <itunes:author>The Quantum Disciple</itunes:author>
    <itunes:summary>A thoughtful weekly conversation between The Skeptic and The Disciple, exploring Christianity through science, logic, history, and honest questions. Each seven-part conversation unfolds Monday through Sunday.</itunes:summary>
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      <itunes:name>Dr. Michael Litman</itunes:name>
      <itunes:email>michael.litman@cuw.edu</itunes:email>
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    <itunes:category text="Religion &amp; Spirituality"><itunes:category text="Christianity" /></itunes:category>
    <itunes:category text="Education" />
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      <title>The Skeptic and The Disciple</title>
      <link>https://www.quantumdisciple.com/</link>
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      <title>How Trustworthy Are the Gospels? - Week of 8/24/26 - Episode 7</title>
      <itunes:title>How Trustworthy Are the Gospels? - Week of 8/24/26 - Episode 7</itunes:title>
      <description>The Skeptic and The Disciple assemble the cumulative case: authorship, dating, source dependence, oral tradition, differences, archaeology, theology, and miracle claims. They identify a measured conclusion and the next question to investigate.

This program uses AI-generated character voices.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Skeptic and The Disciple assemble the cumulative case: authorship, dating, source dependence, oral tradition, differences, archaeology, theology, and miracle claims. They identify a measured conclusion and the next question to investigate.</p><p>This program uses AI-generated character voices.</p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/qEWEXZK_Hns">Watch the illustrated YouTube edition</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 30 Aug 2026 11:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <enclosure url="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/audio/2026-08-24-season-03-episode-07.mp3" length="6927223" type="audio/mpeg" />
      <itunes:duration>00:04:49</itunes:duration>
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      <itunes:season>3</itunes:season>
      <itunes:episode>7</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Do Theology and Miracles Make the Gospels Unhistorical? - Week of 8/24/26 - Episode 6</title>
      <itunes:title>Do Theology and Miracles Make the Gospels Unhistorical? - Week of 8/24/26 - Episode 6</itunes:title>
      <description>Do theological purpose and miracle reports disqualify the Gospels as history? The conversation separates worldview assumptions from historical method and asks how genre, motive, corroboration, and explanatory scope should affect confidence.

This program uses AI-generated character voices.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Do theological purpose and miracle reports disqualify the Gospels as history? The conversation separates worldview assumptions from historical method and asks how genre, motive, corroboration, and explanatory scope should affect confidence.</p><p>This program uses AI-generated character voices.</p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/Srn3nydSXXM">Watch the illustrated YouTube edition</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <link>https://youtu.be/Srn3nydSXXM</link>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 29 Aug 2026 11:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <enclosure url="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/audio/2026-08-24-season-03-episode-06.mp3" length="7423758" type="audio/mpeg" />
      <itunes:duration>00:05:09</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:image href="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/artwork/2026-08-24-season-03-episode-06-400fc1d8222a.jpg" />
      <itunes:season>3</itunes:season>
      <itunes:episode>6</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
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    <item>
      <title>Do Gospel Contradictions Destroy Their Credibility? - Week of 8/24/26 - Episode 5</title>
      <itunes:title>Do Gospel Contradictions Destroy Their Credibility? - Week of 8/24/26 - Episode 5</itunes:title>
      <description>The Skeptic presses apparent contradictions in the Gospel accounts. The Disciple distinguishes wording differences, complementary perspectives, genuine tensions, and the difference between forced harmonization and careful historical judgment.

This program uses AI-generated character voices.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Skeptic presses apparent contradictions in the Gospel accounts. The Disciple distinguishes wording differences, complementary perspectives, genuine tensions, and the difference between forced harmonization and careful historical judgment.</p><p>This program uses AI-generated character voices.</p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/q7GJdOVG6U0">Watch the illustrated YouTube edition</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <link>https://youtu.be/q7GJdOVG6U0</link>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 28 Aug 2026 11:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <enclosure url="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/audio/2026-08-24-season-03-episode-05.mp3" length="7185290" type="audio/mpeg" />
      <itunes:duration>00:04:59</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:image href="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/artwork/2026-08-24-season-03-episode-05-fb57631e512e.jpg" />
      <itunes:season>3</itunes:season>
      <itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
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    <item>
      <title>Could Oral Tradition Preserve Jesus Accurately? - Week of 8/24/26 - Episode 4</title>
      <itunes:title>Could Oral Tradition Preserve Jesus Accurately? - Week of 8/24/26 - Episode 4</itunes:title>
      <description>Could stories about Jesus survive decades of oral transmission? The conversation weighs memory, communal repetition, stable cores, flexible wording, eyewitness correction, and the limits of both telephone-game and perfect-recording analogies.

This program uses AI-generated character voices.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Could stories about Jesus survive decades of oral transmission? The conversation weighs memory, communal repetition, stable cores, flexible wording, eyewitness correction, and the limits of both telephone-game and perfect-recording analogies.</p><p>This program uses AI-generated character voices.</p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/W6E2038Pd7I">Watch the illustrated YouTube edition</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <link>https://youtu.be/W6E2038Pd7I</link>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 27 Aug 2026 11:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <enclosure url="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/audio/2026-08-24-season-03-episode-04.mp3" length="7315462" type="audio/mpeg" />
      <itunes:duration>00:05:05</itunes:duration>
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      <itunes:season>3</itunes:season>
      <itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
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    <item>
      <title>Did the Gospel Writers Copy One Another? - Week of 8/24/26 - Episode 3</title>
      <itunes:title>Did the Gospel Writers Copy One Another? - Week of 8/24/26 - Episode 3</itunes:title>
      <description>The Skeptic challenges the independence of Matthew, Mark, and Luke. The Disciple explains literary dependence, Markan priority, the hypothetical source called Q, and why shared material is evidence to analyze rather than four automatic votes.

This program uses AI-generated character voices.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Skeptic challenges the independence of Matthew, Mark, and Luke. The Disciple explains literary dependence, Markan priority, the hypothetical source called Q, and why shared material is evidence to analyze rather than four automatic votes.</p><p>This program uses AI-generated character voices.</p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/yH1lzMdSKqo">Watch the illustrated YouTube edition</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <link>https://youtu.be/yH1lzMdSKqo</link>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 26 Aug 2026 11:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <enclosure url="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/audio/2026-08-24-season-03-episode-03.mp3" length="7079871" type="audio/mpeg" />
      <itunes:duration>00:04:55</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:image href="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/artwork/2026-08-24-season-03-episode-03-cf4b94f1b970.jpg" />
      <itunes:season>3</itunes:season>
      <itunes:episode>3</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
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    <item>
      <title>Who Wrote the Gospels, and When? - Week of 8/24/26 - Episode 2</title>
      <itunes:title>Who Wrote the Gospels, and When? - Week of 8/24/26 - Episode 2</itunes:title>
      <description>The conversation examines the traditional Gospel attributions, the books&#x27; formally anonymous narratives, debated dates, eyewitness access, and what can or cannot be concluded with confidence.

This program uses AI-generated character voices.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The conversation examines the traditional Gospel attributions, the books&#x27; formally anonymous narratives, debated dates, eyewitness access, and what can or cannot be concluded with confidence.</p><p>This program uses AI-generated character voices.</p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/fArkvvMt3hs">Watch the illustrated YouTube edition</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <link>https://youtu.be/fArkvvMt3hs</link>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 25 Aug 2026 11:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <enclosure url="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/audio/2026-08-24-season-03-episode-02.mp3" length="7281463" type="audio/mpeg" />
      <itunes:duration>00:05:03</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:image href="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/artwork/2026-08-24-season-03-episode-02-9ce1239ac687.jpg" />
      <itunes:season>3</itunes:season>
      <itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
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    <item>
      <title>Can We Trust the Gospels as Historical Sources? - Week of 8/24/26 - Episode 1</title>
      <itunes:title>Can We Trust the Gospels as Historical Sources? - Week of 8/24/26 - Episode 1</itunes:title>
      <description>One week after discussing the resurrection, The Skeptic asks why anyone should trust books written by believers. The Disciple separates inspiration from historical investigation and explains what responsible trust in an ancient source can mean.

This program uses AI-generated character voices.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>One week after discussing the resurrection, The Skeptic asks why anyone should trust books written by believers. The Disciple separates inspiration from historical investigation and explains what responsible trust in an ancient source can mean.</p><p>This program uses AI-generated character voices.</p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/f383tSn2fsw">Watch the illustrated YouTube edition</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <link>https://youtu.be/f383tSn2fsw</link>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 24 Aug 2026 11:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <enclosure url="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/audio/2026-08-24-season-03-episode-01.mp3" length="7116166" type="audio/mpeg" />
      <itunes:duration>00:04:56</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:image href="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/artwork/2026-08-24-season-03-episode-01-7180828f3f5a.jpg" />
      <itunes:season>3</itunes:season>
      <itunes:episode>1</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Did Jesus Really Rise from the Dead? - Week of 8/17/26 - Episode 7</title>
      <itunes:title>Did Jesus Really Rise from the Dead? - Week of 8/17/26 - Episode 7</itunes:title>
      <description>The Skeptic and The Disciple place survival, conspiracy, legend, visions, mixed natural accounts, and resurrection beside the same evidence. They identify what each explanation handles well, where it strains, and what question should come next.

This program uses AI-generated character voices.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Skeptic and The Disciple place survival, conspiracy, legend, visions, mixed natural accounts, and resurrection beside the same evidence. They identify what each explanation handles well, where it strains, and what question should come next.</p><p>This program uses AI-generated character voices.</p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/p1L87icqJPo">Watch the illustrated YouTube edition</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <link>https://youtu.be/p1L87icqJPo</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:quantumdisciple.com,2026:skeptic-disciple/2026-08-17/episode-07</guid>
      <pubDate>Sun, 23 Aug 2026 11:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <enclosure url="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/audio/2026-08-17-season-02-episode-07.mp3" length="6703739" type="audio/mpeg" />
      <itunes:duration>00:04:39</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:image href="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/artwork/2026-08-17-season-02-episode-07-a3fe11774704.jpg" />
      <itunes:season>2</itunes:season>
      <itunes:episode>7</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Legend, Conspiracy, or Resurrection? - Week of 8/17/26 - Episode 6</title>
      <itunes:title>Legend, Conspiracy, or Resurrection? - Week of 8/17/26 - Episode 6</itunes:title>
      <description>The Skeptic tests whether the resurrection story could be a late legend, a deliberate conspiracy, or a blended natural explanation. The Disciple compares those theories with the early proclamation and the cost borne by key witnesses.

This program uses AI-generated character voices.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Skeptic tests whether the resurrection story could be a late legend, a deliberate conspiracy, or a blended natural explanation. The Disciple compares those theories with the early proclamation and the cost borne by key witnesses.</p><p>This program uses AI-generated character voices.</p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/w0aBLwyTcLQ">Watch the illustrated YouTube edition</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <link>https://youtu.be/w0aBLwyTcLQ</link>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 22 Aug 2026 11:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <enclosure url="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/audio/2026-08-17-season-02-episode-06.mp3" length="7272251" type="audio/mpeg" />
      <itunes:duration>00:05:03</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:image href="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/artwork/2026-08-17-season-02-episode-06-c2e9615742f7.jpg" />
      <itunes:season>2</itunes:season>
      <itunes:episode>6</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Were the Resurrection Appearances Hallucinations? - Week of 8/17/26 - Episode 5</title>
      <itunes:title>Were the Resurrection Appearances Hallucinations? - Week of 8/17/26 - Episode 5</itunes:title>
      <description>Could grief, expectation, visions, memory, and social reinforcement explain the reported appearances of Jesus? The Skeptic presses the strongest psychological alternatives while The Disciple keeps both their real strengths and limits in view.

This program uses AI-generated character voices.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Could grief, expectation, visions, memory, and social reinforcement explain the reported appearances of Jesus? The Skeptic presses the strongest psychological alternatives while The Disciple keeps both their real strengths and limits in view.</p><p>This program uses AI-generated character voices.</p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/ptun1i3Amm8">Watch the illustrated YouTube edition</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <link>https://youtu.be/ptun1i3Amm8</link>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 21 Aug 2026 11:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <enclosure url="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/audio/2026-08-17-season-02-episode-05.mp3" length="6798792" type="audio/mpeg" />
      <itunes:duration>00:04:43</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:image href="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/artwork/2026-08-17-season-02-episode-05-519698f426ac.jpg" />
      <itunes:season>2</itunes:season>
      <itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Was Jesus&#x27; Tomb Really Empty? - Week of 8/17/26 - Episode 4</title>
      <itunes:title>Was Jesus&#x27; Tomb Really Empty? - Week of 8/17/26 - Episode 4</itunes:title>
      <description>The empty tomb is important, but what does it actually establish? The conversation considers the women witnesses, burial disputes, wrong-tomb and moved-body theories, and the difference between an empty tomb and a resurrection.

This program uses AI-generated character voices.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The empty tomb is important, but what does it actually establish? The conversation considers the women witnesses, burial disputes, wrong-tomb and moved-body theories, and the difference between an empty tomb and a resurrection.</p><p>This program uses AI-generated character voices.</p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/hcnEYqS74eE">Watch the illustrated YouTube edition</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <link>https://youtu.be/hcnEYqS74eE</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:quantumdisciple.com,2026:skeptic-disciple/2026-08-17/episode-04</guid>
      <pubDate>Thu, 20 Aug 2026 11:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <enclosure url="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/audio/2026-08-17-season-02-episode-04.mp3" length="6646132" type="audio/mpeg" />
      <itunes:duration>00:04:37</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:image href="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/artwork/2026-08-17-season-02-episode-04-a06f3fc5a149.jpg" />
      <itunes:season>2</itunes:season>
      <itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Did Jesus Actually Die on the Cross? - Week of 8/17/26 - Episode 3</title>
      <itunes:title>Did Jesus Actually Die on the Cross? - Week of 8/17/26 - Episode 3</itunes:title>
      <description>Could Jesus have survived crucifixion? The Skeptic and The Disciple weigh Roman execution practices, the ancient reports, medical arguments, burial evidence, and what a survival theory would still need to explain.

This program uses AI-generated character voices.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Could Jesus have survived crucifixion? The Skeptic and The Disciple weigh Roman execution practices, the ancient reports, medical arguments, burial evidence, and what a survival theory would still need to explain.</p><p>This program uses AI-generated character voices.</p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/zf3Lbd7dXlU">Watch the illustrated YouTube edition</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <link>https://youtu.be/zf3Lbd7dXlU</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:quantumdisciple.com,2026:skeptic-disciple/2026-08-17/episode-03</guid>
      <pubDate>Wed, 19 Aug 2026 11:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <enclosure url="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/audio/2026-08-17-season-02-episode-03.mp3" length="6688763" type="audio/mpeg" />
      <itunes:duration>00:04:39</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:image href="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/artwork/2026-08-17-season-02-episode-03-9d95d9b9c58f.jpg" />
      <itunes:season>2</itunes:season>
      <itunes:episode>3</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
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    <item>
      <title>Can the Bible Count as Historical Evidence? - Week of 8/17/26 - Episode 2</title>
      <itunes:title>Can the Bible Count as Historical Evidence? - Week of 8/17/26 - Episode 2</itunes:title>
      <description>The Skeptic challenges the use of Christian writings as evidence. The Disciple separates inspiration from historical source analysis and examines early testimony, dependence, corroboration, and the limits of non-Christian sources.

This program uses AI-generated character voices.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Skeptic challenges the use of Christian writings as evidence. The Disciple separates inspiration from historical source analysis and examines early testimony, dependence, corroboration, and the limits of non-Christian sources.</p><p>This program uses AI-generated character voices.</p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/9H2dLcDCrTM">Watch the illustrated YouTube edition</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <link>https://youtu.be/9H2dLcDCrTM</link>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 18 Aug 2026 11:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <enclosure url="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/audio/2026-08-17-season-02-episode-02.mp3" length="7090242" type="audio/mpeg" />
      <itunes:duration>00:04:55</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:image href="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/artwork/2026-08-17-season-02-episode-02-93f35c037357.jpg" />
      <itunes:season>2</itunes:season>
      <itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
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    <item>
      <title>Does Christianity Stand or Fall on the Resurrection? - Week of 8/17/26 - Episode 1</title>
      <itunes:title>Does Christianity Stand or Fall on the Resurrection? - Week of 8/17/26 - Episode 1</itunes:title>
      <description>One week after their conversation about whether God exists, The Skeptic asks what could possibly move the argument from a generic Creator to Christianity. The Disciple explains why the resurrection is the central historical claim to investigate.

This program uses AI-generated character voices.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>One week after their conversation about whether God exists, The Skeptic asks what could possibly move the argument from a generic Creator to Christianity. The Disciple explains why the resurrection is the central historical claim to investigate.</p><p>This program uses AI-generated character voices.</p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/H4d_yCP97o8">Watch the illustrated YouTube edition</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <link>https://youtu.be/H4d_yCP97o8</link>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 17 Aug 2026 11:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <enclosure url="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/audio/2026-08-17-season-02-episode-01.mp3" length="6726795" type="audio/mpeg" />
      <itunes:duration>00:04:40</itunes:duration>
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      <title>Does a Creator Prove Christianity? - Week of 8/10/26 - Episode 7</title>
      <itunes:title>Does a Creator Prove Christianity? - Week of 8/10/26 - Episode 7</itunes:title>
      <description>Evidence for a creator is not yet evidence for Christianity. In the final chapter, the Skeptic and the Disciple identify the historical questions that must come next and end with room for reflection rather than pressure.

This program uses AI-generated character voices.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Evidence for a creator is not yet evidence for Christianity. In the final chapter, the Skeptic and the Disciple identify the historical questions that must come next and end with room for reflection rather than pressure.</p><p>This program uses AI-generated character voices.</p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/WIDtFY_oqis">Watch the illustrated YouTube edition</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <link>https://youtu.be/WIDtFY_oqis</link>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 16 Aug 2026 10:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <enclosure url="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/audio/2026-08-10-season-01-episode-07.mp3" length="6950841" type="audio/mpeg" />
      <itunes:duration>00:04:50</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:image href="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/artwork/2026-08-10-season-01-episode-07-0d37e5240ac0.jpg" />
      <itunes:season>1</itunes:season>
      <itunes:episode>7</itunes:episode>
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    <item>
      <title>Where Is God When Life Hurts? - Week of 8/10/26 - Episode 6</title>
      <itunes:title>Where Is God When Life Hurts? - Week of 8/10/26 - Episode 6</itunes:title>
      <description>Can belief in God survive grief, illness, damaged surgeries, and chronic pain? The Skeptic makes the problem personal, and the Disciple responds without reducing suffering to a slogan or an intellectual footnote.

This program uses AI-generated character voices.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Can belief in God survive grief, illness, damaged surgeries, and chronic pain? The Skeptic makes the problem personal, and the Disciple responds without reducing suffering to a slogan or an intellectual footnote.</p><p>This program uses AI-generated character voices.</p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/PjLD5IyOw5Y">Watch the illustrated YouTube edition</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <link>https://youtu.be/PjLD5IyOw5Y</link>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 15 Aug 2026 10:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <enclosure url="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/audio/2026-08-10-season-01-episode-06.mp3" length="6977908" type="audio/mpeg" />
      <itunes:duration>00:04:51</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:image href="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/artwork/2026-08-10-season-01-episode-06-2f63418a5929.jpg" />
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      <itunes:episode>6</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Who Created God? - Week of 8/10/26 - Episode 5</title>
      <itunes:title>Who Created God? - Week of 8/10/26 - Episode 5</itunes:title>
      <description>If everything needs a cause, who created God? The conversation distinguishes dependent things from a necessary foundation and asks whether an endless chain of explanations ever explains anything.

This program uses AI-generated character voices.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If everything needs a cause, who created God? The conversation distinguishes dependent things from a necessary foundation and asks whether an endless chain of explanations ever explains anything.</p><p>This program uses AI-generated character voices.</p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/aDQTnmZ-fx0">Watch the illustrated YouTube edition</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <link>https://youtu.be/aDQTnmZ-fx0</link>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 14 Aug 2026 10:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <enclosure url="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/audio/2026-08-10-season-01-episode-05.mp3" length="6915687" type="audio/mpeg" />
      <itunes:duration>00:04:48</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:image href="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/artwork/2026-08-10-season-01-episode-05-1c35813dd598.jpg" />
      <itunes:season>1</itunes:season>
      <itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
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      <title>Does Fine-Tuning Point to a Creator? - Week of 8/10/26 - Episode 4</title>
      <itunes:title>Does Fine-Tuning Point to a Creator? - Week of 8/10/26 - Episode 4</itunes:title>
      <description>Does the universe&#x27;s apparent fine-tuning point toward design, necessity, chance, or a multiverse? This episode compares the competing explanations without pretending the evidence proves more than it does.

This program uses AI-generated character voices.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Does the universe&#x27;s apparent fine-tuning point toward design, necessity, chance, or a multiverse? This episode compares the competing explanations without pretending the evidence proves more than it does.</p><p>This program uses AI-generated character voices.</p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/vxNGWcrd-MA">Watch the illustrated YouTube edition</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <link>https://youtu.be/vxNGWcrd-MA</link>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 13 Aug 2026 10:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <enclosure url="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/audio/2026-08-10-season-01-episode-04.mp3" length="7120763" type="audio/mpeg" />
      <itunes:duration>00:04:57</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:image href="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/artwork/2026-08-10-season-01-episode-04-643b56d6da83.jpg" />
      <itunes:season>1</itunes:season>
      <itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
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    <item>
      <title>What Caused the Universe to Begin? - Week of 8/10/26 - Episode 3</title>
      <itunes:title>What Caused the Universe to Begin? - Week of 8/10/26 - Episode 3</itunes:title>
      <description>If the universe began, what could explain its beginning? The Skeptic and the Disciple examine causation, time, and why a cause of the universe would not simply be another object inside it.

This program uses AI-generated character voices.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If the universe began, what could explain its beginning? The Skeptic and the Disciple examine causation, time, and why a cause of the universe would not simply be another object inside it.</p><p>This program uses AI-generated character voices.</p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/jdbjtXkynlk">Watch the illustrated YouTube edition</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <link>https://youtu.be/jdbjtXkynlk</link>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 12 Aug 2026 10:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <enclosure url="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/audio/2026-08-10-season-01-episode-03.mp3" length="7167417" type="audio/mpeg" />
      <itunes:duration>00:04:59</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:image href="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/artwork/2026-08-10-season-01-episode-03-bb8f9b308f94.jpg" />
      <itunes:season>1</itunes:season>
      <itunes:episode>3</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
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    <item>
      <title>Did People Invent God Before Science? - Week of 8/10/26 - Episode 2</title>
      <itunes:title>Did People Invent God Before Science? - Week of 8/10/26 - Episode 2</itunes:title>
      <description>Is God merely an explanation people invented before science? The conversation separates scientific descriptions of how nature behaves from the deeper question of why an ordered universe exists at all.

This program uses AI-generated character voices.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Is God merely an explanation people invented before science? The conversation separates scientific descriptions of how nature behaves from the deeper question of why an ordered universe exists at all.</p><p>This program uses AI-generated character voices.</p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/N6UQj273VUw">Watch the illustrated YouTube edition</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <link>https://youtu.be/N6UQj273VUw</link>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 11 Aug 2026 10:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <enclosure url="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/audio/2026-08-10-season-01-episode-02.mp3" length="6877116" type="audio/mpeg" />
      <itunes:duration>00:04:46</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:image href="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/artwork/2026-08-10-season-01-episode-02-5a5a48c6608b.jpg" />
      <itunes:season>1</itunes:season>
      <itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
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    <item>
      <title>Why Should I Believe God Exists? - Week of 8/10/26 - Episode 1</title>
      <itunes:title>Why Should I Believe God Exists? - Week of 8/10/26 - Episode 1</itunes:title>
      <description>Why should anyone believe God exists at all? The Skeptic challenges the idea that God is anything more than a pre-scientific explanation, while the Disciple begins with a careful distinction: evidence for a creator is not yet an argument for Christianity.

This program uses AI-generated character voices.</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Why should anyone believe God exists at all? The Skeptic challenges the idea that God is anything more than a pre-scientific explanation, while the Disciple begins with a careful distinction: evidence for a creator is not yet an argument for Christianity.</p><p>This program uses AI-generated character voices.</p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/jbCfAdXRpGw">Watch the illustrated YouTube edition</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <link>https://youtu.be/jbCfAdXRpGw</link>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2026 10:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <enclosure url="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/audio/2026-08-10-season-01-episode-01.mp3" length="6206647" type="audio/mpeg" />
      <itunes:duration>00:04:19</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:image href="https://drmichaellitman.com/podcast/the-skeptic-and-the-disciple/artwork/2026-08-10-season-01-episode-01-3edd054a2ebf.jpg" />
      <itunes:season>1</itunes:season>
      <itunes:episode>1</itunes:episode>
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